Analysis of influencing factors for the development of gallstone in population of Beijing / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for the development of gall-stone in population of Beijing.Methods:The retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted. From November 2016 to September 2020, patients living in Beijing (registered residence in Beijing ≥12 months) who visited the biliary outpatient of Department of General Surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for the first time were recruited to participate as respondents. The survey was conducted by the questionnaire survey on correlation between dietary habits and incidence of gallstones, in which the information of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), gallstone status, metabolic indicators (hypercholesterolemia, history of diabetes mellitus, reproductive times for female, menopause status of female, duration of menopause for female, history of weight loss), dietary indicators (dietary mix of meat and vegetable dishes, times of coffee intake per month, times of alcohol consumption per month, times of greasy diet intake per month, times of breakfast skipping per week, average overnight fasting time of breakfast skipping, times of supper skipping per week, average overnight fasting time of supper skipping), family history of gallstones, lifestyle indicators (times of staying up late per month, average overnight fasting time when staying up late, daily sedentary time, weekly physical activity score). Observation indicators: (1) results of questionnaire survey; (2) analysis of influencing factors for the occurrence of gallstone. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3). Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Logistic regression model. Results:(1) Results of questionnaire survey. A total of 1 036 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 004 complete questionnaires were recovered. Of the 1 004 patients who completed the questionnaire survey, there were 329 males and 675 females, aged (44±12)years. The BMI of 1 004 patients was (24±3)kg/m 2. Of the 1 004 patients, there were 659 cases with a history of cholecystolithiasis and 345 cases without. (2) Analysis of influencing factors for the occurrence of gallstone. Results of univariate analysis showed that age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of weight loss, times of coffee intake per month, times of greasy diet intake per month, family history of gallstone and daily sedentary time were related factors for the development of gallstone in 1 004 patients ( odds ratio=1.03, 2.26, 1.74, 1.01, 1.01, 2.22, 1.06, 95% confidence intervals as 1.02?1.05, 1.09?5.18, 1.22?2.53, 1.00?1.03, 1.00?1.01, 1.60?3.11, 1.01?1.11, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of weight loss, times of greasy diet intake per month, family history of gallstone and daily sedentary time were independent influencing factors for the development of gallstone in 1 004 patients ( odds ratio=1.03, 2.26, 1.82, 1.01, 2.22, 1.06, 95% confidence intervals as 1.02?1.05, 1.11?5.13, 1.28?2.62, 1.00?1.02,1.60?3.09, 1.01?1.12, P<0.05). Conclusion:Age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of weight loss, times of greasy diet intake per month, family history of gallstone and daily sedentary time are independent influencing factors for the development of gallstone in population of Beijing.

Cotidiano de pessoas adultas com deficiência motora numa Unidade de Saúde da Família / Daily life of elderly people with motor deficiency in a Family Health Unit / Cotidiano de personas adultas con deficiência motora en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia

Objetivo: o presente estudo objetivou compreender o cotidiano de pessoas com deficiência motora de uma Unidade de Saúde numa cidade do interior da Bahia. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com abordagem fenomenológico, de caráter descritivo, exploratório. Participaram desse estudo 29 pessoas com deficiência motora. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista semiestruturada, após autorização do Comitê de ética parecer nº 633.531/2014. Os dados empíricos foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram as seguintes categorias: o sofrimento no processo do viver com deficiência motora; a aceitação do viver com deficiência e o preconceito no conviver com as diferenças no processo relacional. Conclusões: esse estudo revelou que o cotidiano da pessoa diante de suas relações sociais é fundamental para a reconstrução do significado do viver com a deficiência motora.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the daily routine of people with motor deficiency in a Health Unit in a city in the interior of Bahia. Method: This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. 29 people with motor deficiencyparticipated in this study. The data collection was done through a semistructured interview, after being authorized by the Ethics Committee by resolution No. 633.531 / 2014. The empirical data were subjected to content analysis. Results: The following categories emerged: Suffering in the process of living with motordeficiency; the acceptance of living with deficiency and prejudice when living with differences in the relational process. Conclusions: This study revealed that the daily life of the person in front of their social relations is fundamental for the reconstruction of the meaning of living with motor deficiency.

Objetivo: El presente estudio buscó comprender el cotidiano de personas con deficiência motora de una Unidad de Salud en una ciudad del interior de Bahía. Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, exploratorio con un abordaje cualitativo. Participaron en este estudio 29 personas con deficiência motora. La colecta de datos fue realizada a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, después de ser autorizada por el Comité de Ética mediante el parecer nº633.531/2014. Los datos empíricos fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido. Resultados: Surgieron las siguientes categorías: El sufrimiento en el proceso de vivir con deficiência motora; la aceptación de vivir con deficiência y el prejuicio al convivir con las diferencias en el proceso relacional. Conclusiones: Este estudio reveló que el cotidiano de la persona frente a sus relaciones sociales es fundamental para la reconstrucción del significado de vivir con deficiência motora.

Mobilidade sobre rodas: a percepção de pais de crianças com paralisia cerebral / Wheeled mobility: the perception of parents of children with cerebral palsy

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often use mobility devices as facilitators of their functionality and independence, and these devices may have a positive impact on their caregivers' quality of life. Considering a family-centered approach, parents assume a decisive role in different stages of the therapeutic process, guiding several actions of the rehabilitation professionals during the search, development and/or adaptation of equipment that meet the specific needs of customers. The aim of this research was to understand the perceptions of parents of children with CP on the use of the wheelchair in the daily routines of their children. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with 16 parents of CP children who were wheelchair users assisted at "Associação Mineira de Reabilitação". Content analysis grounded the categorization of themes that emerged from the interviews. The results expressed in themes such as "The look on the daily routine" and "The look on the equipment" pointed out characteristics related to the benefits of the use of the wheelchair in promoting child participation at home, at school, and in community environments, as well as different features of wheelchairs that facilitate or hamper their use in children's daily routine.

Crianças com paralisia cerebral (PC) frequentemente utilizam dispositivos de mobilidade como facilitadores de sua funcionalidade e independência, o que impacta positivamente também na qualidade de vida do cuidador. Considerando a abordagem da prática centrada na família, os pais assumem papel decisivo em diferentes etapas do processo terapêutico, norteando diversas ações de profissionais da área da reabilitação na busca, desenvolvimento e/ou adaptação de equipamentos que atendam às necessidades específicas da clientela interessada. Neste estudo objetivou-se compreender a percepção dos pais de crianças com PC sobre a utilização da cadeira de rodas no cotidiano de seus filhos. O presente estudo qualitativo utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com 16 pais de crianças cadeirantes com paralisia cerebral, atendidas na Associação Mineira de Reabilitação. Análise de conteúdo pautou a categorização de temas que emergiram das entrevistas. Os resultados expressos nas categorias temáticas "O olhar sobre o uso cotidiano" e "O olhar sobre o equipamento" apontaram características relacionadas aos benefícios do uso da cadeira de rodas na promoção da participação da criança nos ambientes de casa, escola e comunidade, bem como diferentes aspectos da cadeira de rodas que favoreceram e dificultaram a sua utilização no dia a dia dessas crianças.

Ocorrência de infecção do trato urinário em cobradoras de ônibus / Occurrence of urinary tract infection in a bus servicer

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) são diversas manifestações clínicas que variam desde a presença assintomática de bactérias na urina até infecção renal grave, resultando em sepse, situação que poderá levar o paciente ao óbito. A principal estratégia de defesa do hospedeiro é um fluxo urinário desobstruído, que dificulta o percurso da bactéria ascendente. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de sintomas sugestivos de ITU, descrevendo as atividades diárias que levam à sua maior suscetibilidade, bem como identificar os fatores predisponentes presentes e verificar os principais sintomas clínicos obtidos. MÉTODO: Realizou-se estudo exploratório, descritivo e prospectivo. A população constituiu-se de 100 mulheres selecionadas de acordo com a faixa etária (30 a 40 anos) e função empregatícia como cobradora de ônibus. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstram que 50% das entrevistadas apresentaram ocorrência de ITU, 55% alegaram recidivas; o sintoma mais frequente foi dor pélvica (80%), associada ou não ao ato de urinar e que 95% das mulheres relataram estase urinária. CONCLUSÃO: É possível que orientações mais adequadas referentes a hábitos alimentares saudáveis possam melhorar a qualidade de vida e prevenir doenças específicas deste grupo.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are different clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic presence of bacteria in the urine up to serious kidney infection, resulting in sepsis, which could lead the patient to death. The main host defense is a clear urine flow, which makes the route of the bacterium ascendant. This study aimed to verify the occurrence of UTI, describing the daily activities that lead to increased susceptibility to UTI, identify predisposing factors present among the participants and further important clinical symptoms mentioned. METHOD: Carried out an exploratory, descriptive and transversal. The study population consisted of 100 women selected according to age (30 to 40 years) and employment-function. RESULTS: The results show that 50% of respondents reported the occurrence of UTI, 55% reported recurrence; the most frequent symptom was pelvic pain 80%, with or without the act of urinating and that 95% of women report urinary stasis. It was concluded that due to his professional activity, the collectors had a favor to bacterial growth. CONCLUSION: It is possible that appropriate policies relating to healthy habits can improve the quality of life and prevent specific diseases of this group.